Before preparing any presentation, know your purpose (inform, persuade, entertain), your audience (demographics, attitudes, number of people), and your logistics (time allotted, room arrangements.

Pay attention to timing – a good strategy for a straight presentation is to plan, prepare and practise for 75% of the allotted time. Start and end on time. This shows respect for those who are punctual and sends the message that you intend to make good use of the time.

All presentation material is not created equal. Consider what the audience must know, should know, and could know. Limit material based on time and audience interest and be ready to skip.

Hitting emotional needs will create more impact and action than pure data. Include stories, analogies, anecdotes and humour, if possible, to reinforce.

Create user-friendly notes. Write them as catalysts – one or two word ÒbulletsÓ. The rest of the words will come as you speak.

Practise out loud saying it differently each time.

Stage fright is the negative term for excitement. It is a myth. A certain amount of controllable nervous energy is necessary for a good presentation. Think of the audience and what you are trying to do for them. Channel the adrenaline into enthusiasm.

Deliver with passion. If your voice is expressive and your gestures animated you will appear confident and passionate.

The question-and-answer part of the presentation may be more important than the actual presentation. Think ahead of possible questions. Remember to paraphrase the question before answering. This gives you an opportunity to clarify the question and time to think of a reply. If you don’t know, say so. You are more of a hero for admitting fallibility than bluffing (the audience will know). Treat all questions and questioners with respect.

Speaking is audience-centered. Avoid speaking out of ego or appearing unprepared. As long as you stay focused on the audience, you will be a successful presenter.